Reproduction Abstracts

Introduction: Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disorder, associated with debilitating pelvic pain. We believe the pain is due to neuroinflammation: growth of sensory neurons and their subsequent hypersensitisation by macrophage-derived cytokines within the lesion. We explored the regulation of neuroinflammation by estrogen receptor (ER) modulators.Materials and methods: Peritoneum and lesions were collected from women with and without ...

Background: Uterine natural killer (uNK) cells are a phenotypically distinct population of tissue-resident immune cells that are reported to regulate vascular remodelling within the endometrium. The mechanisms that control accumulation of uNK cells in the endometrium remain unresolved although there is evidence to suggest that homing and differentiation of peripheral blood NK (pbNK) cells may contribute to the rapid increase in cell numbers during the secretory phase of the me...

Background: The impact of androgens on myometrial contraction has received less scrutiny, compared to progesterone and estrogens. We sought to i) examine the effect of dihydrotestosterone (DHT; a non-aromatizable androgen) on stretch-induced contraction of human myometrium and ii) gain mechanistic insights by studying changes in intracellular calcium [Ca2+] and phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC).Methods: Myometrial strips were recover...

Introduction: The endometrium is one of the few adult tissues that heals repeatedly without scarring. On a monthly basis the endometrium undergoes cyclical episodes of proliferation, degeneration, tissue repair and remodelling in response to the ‘injury’ inflicted on it during menstruation. In women, endometrial shedding (menses) is the culmination of a cascade of inflammatory signals between uterine stromal cells and immune cells both of which have key roles in endo...

Introduction: Endometriosis is a chronic, hormone-dependent disorder characterized by the establishment and growth of endometrial tissue in extra-uterine sites, typically within the peritoneal cavity and causes debilitating pain. We have shown that peritoneal mesothelial cells recovered from the women with endometriosis have an altered energy metabolism with increased biosynthesis of lactate as a result of increased aerobic glycolysis. We hypothesize that ectopic endometrial t...

Background: The human endometrium is a dynamic, multi-cellular sex steroid-dependent tissue subject to cyclical episodes of breakdown (menses), repair and regeneration. The mechanisms responsible for initiation of menses are well characterised; the molecular and cellular changes responsible for rapid repair are poorly understood. Re-epithelialisation of the tissue is thought to involve contributions from both the stromal and epithelial compartments. A role for androgens in end...

Introduction: Androgen receptors (AR) have been detected in the human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle and are reported to regulate expression of genes associated with cellular proliferation and cell-cycle regulation. Endometriosis is defined by establishment and growth of endometrial tissue in ectopic locations (typically on the peritoneal wall); patients often experience pain and infertility. In the current study we have used human tissue and a new mouse model of e...

Introduction: Uterine fibroids cause pain, pressure symptoms and heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). Fibroid growth is sex steroid dependent. The selective progesterone receptor (PR) modulator (SPRM), ulipristal acetate (UPA) reduces fibroid size and alleviates HMB in 90% of women. UPA has both agonist and antagonist properties and induces (S)PRM-associated endometrial changes (PAEC). The mechanism of UPA action and aetiology of PAEC are unknown. We propose that modulation of ster...